Zahran Hashim, believed to have masterminded the Easter attacks in Sri Lanka, spent “substantial” time in “south India,” a top Sri Lankan military source said on Friday.
Investigators identified Hashim as the leader of the National Thowheed Jamaath, which they said executed the highly coordinated blasts on Sunday. Over 250 people, including 45 children and 40 foreign nationals, were killed in the deadly explosions. Two days later, the Islamic State claimed responsibility for the attacks and subsequently released an image of eight suspected bombers. The man seen standing at the centre is believed to be Hashim. The other jihadists had covered their faces with a scarf.
Sri Lankan investigators, however, have identified nine suicide bombers, including a woman. “We are looking into the IS angle. We also suspect that some of those radical youth were indoctrinated and trained in India, possibly Tamil Nadu,” the senior official said, on condition of anonymity.
Indian officials would not comment that Hashim travelled to India but pointed to evidence of virtual links he maintained with youth believed to be of Indian origin. More than 100 followers of Hashim’s Facebook page are being investigated, said an official, who asked not to be named. The first hints of Hashim’s doctrinal videos, to likely radicalise youth, emerged when Indian authorities interrogated seven members of a group whose leader, officials found, was a follower of Hashim. The men were IS sympathisers and arrested in September 2018 in Coimbatore, on suspicion that they were plotting the assassination of certain political and religious leaders in India, the official said.
‘Hashim, a Shangri-La bomber’
Sri Lankan authorities, who have so far not named any of the nine suicide bombers or suspects officially, on Friday confirmed Hashim was one of the two suicide bombers who carried out the explosions at hotel Shangri-La, on Colombo’s sea-facing Galle Road. He led the radical Islamist group in Kattankudy, in Batticaloa district of Sri Lanka’s Eastern Province, and was known for espousing extremist religious ideas, often to the discomfort of many within the community.
Earlier this week, locals told The Hindu that Zahran had left the town two years ago after a fierce disagreement with the Moulavi (religious scholar) on the practice of Islam. He was absconding since then, community leaders said.
Speaking to local editors and Colombo-based foreign journalists, Mr. Sirisena said a major search operation, including a door-to-door check, was underway. Acknowledging a “serious lapse” in intelligence sharing – despite “a friendly country” providing a “highly descriptive warning” on April 4. He squarely blamed the Defence Secretary and the Inspector General of Police for it. Defence Secretary Hemasiri Fernando resigned on Thursday, although he told Reuters “there had been no failure on his part”.
President Sirisena further said that the planned attack could have been a response to his campaign against illicit drugs. “There is a nexus between international terrorism and international drug trade,” he said.
BBC, 27 April 2019
Fifteen people including six children were killed in Sri Lanka on Friday when suspected Islamist militants blew themselves up in a raid, police said. The raid occurred in Sainthamaruthu, near the hometown of the suspected ringleader of the Easter Sunday attacks that killed at least 250 people.
Gunmen opened fire as troops attempted to raid a house, police said. Three men set off explosives, they added, killing the children and three women. Three others died in gunfire.
One civilian was caught in the crossfire and died, according to police, while a wounded woman and child were taken to hospital. Footage shown on state television showed charred bodies inside the house, one cradling a rifle. Explosives, a generator, a drone, and batteries were also visible
Around the same time, security forces raided another building in a nearby town where they said they found explosives and a drone.
Some 600 Muslims fled the area as the raid unfolded and took shelter in a school, residents said.
Sri Lanka has been on high alert since a co-ordinated wave of bombings last Sunday, which also wounded more than 500 people. The bombings targeted churches that were packed full for the Easter holiday, as well as hotels popular with tourists.
Sri Lankan authorities blamed a local Islamist extremist group, National Tawheed Jamath, for the attacks, although the Islamic State group (IS) has also claimed it played a role.
In another raid in the same town, IS flags, 150 sticks of gelignite explosive, thousands of steel pellets and a drone camera were found, a military spokesman said.
According to local media reports, 10 arrests were made across the country on Friday, bringing the total number detained since last Sunday to 80.
President Maithripala Sirisena has told reporters that intelligence services believed about 130 suspects linked to IS were in the country and that police were hunting 70 still at large.
Bomber 'sat, ate, and waited'
The manager of one of the Colombo hotels targeted by a suicide bomber last Sunday described to the BBC the moments leading up to the attack.
Rohan Karr said the suspected bomber checked into the Cinnamon Grand hotel the evening before, was served a welcome drink and then went up to his room.
Seoul, 27 April 2019 (Yonhap)
South Korea held an event Saturday to mark the first anniversary of last April's inter-Korean summit, in a modest and quiet tone with no participation from North Korea amid the stalled denuclearization talks.
Televised live, the ceremony began at 7 p.m, at the southern side of the truce village of Panmunjom, under the theme of "A Long Way, But One That We Must Take," to commemorate the April 27 summit between President Moon Jae-in and North Korean leader Kim Jong-un, when they met for the first time.
The two sides announced at the summit the Panmunjom Declaration, in which they agreed to work toward the complete denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and improve inter-Korean relations by easing military tensions and expanding cross-border exchanges.
Despite their two subsequent meetings and Kim's two landmark summits with U.S. President Donald Trump, the nuclear negotiations have made little progress. Inter-Korean ties have not moved forward much either, largely because of the lack of forward momentum in the denuclearization talks.
Seoul informed Pyongyang of the plan to hold the event via the joint liaison office, and North Korea is said to have never responded.
Moon did not attend the ceremony. In a video message, he called it "a dramatic day," and said that the Koreas remain on the peace path despite temporary difficulties. He also expressed his firm belief in the North's commitment toward the Panmunjom deal.
Unification Minister Kim Yeon-chul, present at the ceremony as head of the host, reassured that the Koreas will overcome "whatever obstacles," because the two sides "have a strong will to implement the agreement."
The ceremony also featured a congratulatory message from Pope Francis.
Saturday's event included performances by classic and pop artists from Korea, as well as the U.S., Japan and China.
American Cellist Lynn Harrell played a Bach composition at the Military Demarcation Line that separates the two Koreas, where Moon and Kim's first one-on-one encounter made international headlines.
Flutist Ayako Takagi of Japan performed an etude by renowned late Korean composer Yun Isang. K-pop artists BoA and Lee Su-hyun from duo Akdong Musician delivered their parts, accompanied by an orchestra and choir.
Among the 410 attendees were Seoul Mayor Park Won-soon and Gyeonggi Province Gov. Lee Jae-myung; Gen. Robert Abrams, the commander of the South Korea-U.S. Combined Forces Command; dozens of embassy officials and some 200 Seoul and Gyeonggi citizens
Doha, 27 April 2019
Over 500 exhibitors from 34 countries are participating in Project Qatar 2019 Exhibition to be held at Doha Exhibition and Convention Center (DECC) from 29th April till 1st of May between 1200PM - 0900 PM Monday. There will be 15 international pavilions exhibiting those countries products from construction and related industries. Among pavilions include Algeria, Austria, Belgium, China, Germany, India, Iran, Italy, Kuwait, Pakistan, Poland, Romania, Russia, Turkey, and United Kingdom.
Haidar Mshaimesh, Acting General Manager, IFP Event Organisors, said that The international pavilions offer a central showcase for global and local companies for exposure of their services, products, expertise, and technology. He said it is also easier for buyers to locate key suppliers. The pavilions have long been one of the biggest contributors to the success of Project Qatar. The increase in the number of international pavilions this year certainly promises a positive impact on Qatar’s construction sector.”
Project Qatar is Qatar’s largest exhibition for construction materials, equipment, and technology. Global and local construction firms showcase their latest services, products, and equipment, expand their market presence, and forge new business relations.
With hundreds of new exhibitors and brands participating, and a large number of expected visitors, several platforms have been introduced for visitors to navigate through the event sessions and exhibitions.
The ‘B2B Matchmaking Platform’ will facilitate exhibitors and visitors to directly meet qualified buyers, distributors, and decision-makers through one-on-one meetings, while the ‘Hosted Buyers Program’, sponsored by the National Tourism Council, will offer buyers a personalised diary to meet with leading suppliers from the sector of their choice and will include knowledge sessions and invitation-only networking events.
Dedicated product zones at Project Qatar are designed to highlight specific sectors and products within the industry. These zones include Heavy Max 2019, Qatar Stone Tech 2019, and “Smart District” showcasing Qatar’s Smart Nation Program and other innovations in smart applications in building, energy, and transportation.
Project Qatar has announced 71 sponsors and partners of the construction event and international trade fair.
The event is supported by Qatar Chamber of Commerce as Business Community Partner, Qatar Development Bank as Business Development Partner. Manateq (Economic Zones Company) is the Economic Partner, and Qetaifan is Exclusive Development Partner.
Al Sraiya Holding Group was announced as Platinum Sponsor, Diamond Sponsors are Doha Kowate Trading, Contracting & Services and Qatar Primary Materials Company.
The gold sponsors are Al Qataria for Production of Reinforcing Steel, Al Darwish Engineering, Nasser Bin Khaled (NBK) Group and Monneli.
Eyad Rashid, General Manager, Heavy Equipment Division, NBK Group said that NBK’s full commitment to the State of Qatar and its development. It also reflects our belief in the wise vision and the strategy of the country’s leadership, which motivates us to continually invest in various fields that boost our economy.”
Silver Sponsors are Al Shulah Lighting, Awazel International Co Qatar, Milano Kitchens Qatar, Muntajat, QTerminals, Steel Master Limited and Trust Engineering Consultancy.
Palmera Agricultural Business. is Landscape and Water Feature Sponsor.
Basaam Abu Saada, Business Development Manager, said: “We look forward to showcasing our services at the exhibition to potential companies and clients that require high-end solutions.”
For further information, visit http://www.projectqatar.com
Islamabad, 26 April 2019 (APP)
China and Pakistan agreed to revive the cooperation in order to ensure investment promotion in prioritized sectors such as Information Technology, Textiles and Agro-based products. Chairman Board of Investment (BoI), Haroon Sharif met the Director General of Investment Promotion Agency (CIPA) of Ministry of Commerce of the People’s Republic of China, Liu Dianxun on Friday at Beijing.
Haroon Sharif discussed revival of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Director General of Investment Promotion Agency (CIPA), Liu Dianxun for bring foreign investment in the country, said a press release issued by BOI here.
He further said, “We at the Board of Investment encourage our Chinese friends to invest in Pakistan.In addition to the existing notified 7 Special Economic Zones (SEZs), Pakistan is planning to develop new Special Economic Zones (SEZs) under China Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC).” He said that development of Rashakai SEZ is a milestone and a first step towards implementation of industrial cooperation under CPEC. Industrial Cooperation was prioritized by the incumbent government with a goal to start implementation of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) this year”, the Chairman informed.
He said that BoI had received concrete investment proposals from local and foreign investors who are interested to invest in Pakistan’s priority sectors having immense potential for investment; Agro-based Food & Industry, Value added Textile, Tourism and hospitality, IT sector, Light Engineering, and Logistics.
Chairman BoI informed that Pakistan has initiated a reform process to facilitate foreign investment in the country.
The BOI team aims to include Pakistan in the list of top 100 economics in Ease of doing Business (EoDB) by 2020, he added.
He further intimated that BOI has established a dedicated unit with the aim to facilitate investors in materializing their projects in Pakistan in a transparent, timely and efficient manner.
Haroon Sharif is visiting China, accompanying Prime Minister Imran Khan to participate in the 2nd Belt and Road Forum, being held in Beijing, China.
Oxford, 26 April 2019 (Anadolu)
On April 17, President Donald Trump vetoed a bill passed by both houses of Congress that would have ended U.S. military assistance to Saudi Arabia’s military intervention in Yemen. To justify his decision, Trump described the bill as an “unnecessary and dangerous attempt to weaken his constitutional authority” and stated that the bill’s implementation would “endanger the lives of American citizens.”
Although Trump’s decision to renew Washington’s military support for Saudi Arabia’s war in Yemen was unsurprising, it brought long-standing discord between the White House and Congress on Yemen to the fore. This dissension first surfaced in October 2016, when 27 Senators voted for a resolution, blocking $1.15 billion in U.S. arms sales to Saudi Arabia for use in Yemen and urged the Obama administration to hold Riyadh accountable for civilian casualties in Yemen. By March 2018, the number of Senators opposing U.S. support for the Saudi-led coalition in Yemen had risen to 44. Trump withstood this anti-war pressure, however, by praising Saudi Arabia’s purchases of U.S. weaponry and its positive economic impact, during Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman’s visit to Washington.
The October 2018 murder of Jamal Khashoggi has increased the scale of Congress’s resistance to Saudi Arabia’s military intervention in Yemen, and encouraged senior Republicans, like South Carolina Senator Lindsey Graham, to turn against the war. In addition, some anti-war members of Congress have attributed Trump’s defense of Saudi conduct in Yemen to inappropriate Saudi influence over White House decision-making. These allegations partially explain why Trump’s Yemen veto received a hostile reception in Congress and inspired an initiative from Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders to override Trump’s veto through a new congressional vote.
Donald Trump’s willingness to risk congressional criticism by vetoing a bill that called for the end of Saudi Arabia’s war in Yemen can be explained by three main factors. First, Trump views Saudi Arabia’s endorsement of Jared Kushner’s “Deal of the Century” for Israeli-Palestinian peace as an essential precondition for its eventual implementation and does not wish to jeopardize this deal by opposing Riyadh’s conduct in Yemen. Concerns about Saudi Arabia’s willingness to support Kushner’s peace plan surfaced in February, after an Israeli report revealed that King Salman opposed his son Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman’s conciliatory attitude towards Kushner’s deal. This report was followed on February 28 by Kushner’s visit to Saudi Arabia, where he discussed his peace plan with both King Salman and the Saudi crown prince.
As the positions of major U.S. allies in the Middle East are polarized between the critical attitudes of Turkey and Jordan, and the allegedly more accommodating views of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) and Oman, the importance of Mohammed bin Salman’s endorsement of the Kushner plan has significantly increased for U.S. policymakers. The Trump administration hopes a conclusive statement of support for Kushner’s plan from Mohammed bin Salman could inspire a chorus of positive reactions from Riyadh’s Gulf Arab allies and Egypt. In order to avoid a confrontation with Mohammed bin Salman, Trump has refused to support the CIA’s conclusion that the Saudi crown prince was involved in Khashoggi’s murder and publicly described Saudi Arabia as a “great ally” of the United States. As the war in Yemen is the signature element of Mohammed bin Salman’s foreign policy agenda, Trump hopes that his loyal defense of Saudi Arabia’s conduct will encourage the crown prince to openly lobby for Kushner’s increasingly contentious peace plan.
Second, Trump’s defense of the legitimacy of Saudi Arabia’s military intervention in Yemen aligns with his administration’s policy of depicting ceasefire violations by Iran-aligned Houthi rebels as the leading contributor to Yemen’s humanitarian crisis. The Trump administration’s policy of assigning blame to the Houthis was underscored by a March 21 statement from U.S. Ambassador to Yemen Matthew Tueller, which accused the Houthis of “stalling” their pledged withdrawal from Hodeidah and lambasted the rebel group for lacking “political maturity”.
This focus on Houthi intransigence is also linked to U.S. efforts to highlight Iran as the leading obstructionist of peace efforts in Yemen. In December 2018, the United States drafted a UN resolution that blamed Iran for the disruption of food supplies to Yemen’s Red Sea port of Hodeidah. Russia ultimately blocked this resolution, but in February, U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo emphasized Iran’s culpability in Yemen’s humanitarian crisis. The narrative that Iran is the primary destabilizer in Yemen has also been promoted by President Trump, who claimed on November 20 that Saudi Arabia “would gladly withdraw from Yemen if the Iranians agreed to leave.”
A withdrawal of U.S. military support for Saudi forces in Yemen would signify a marked break from Washington’s focus on containing Iran, as it would limit Riyadh’s ability to retaliate against violations of the Stockholm Agreement by the Houthis. As Trump’s maximum pressure strategy to contain Iran is enthusiastically supported by Pompeo and National Security advisor John Bolton, maintaining support for the Saudi-led coalition is essential for the preservation of cohesion within his administration.
Third, Trump’s veto reflects growing concerns amongst U.S. policymakers that ending support for Riyadh’s intervention in Yemen could strengthen the Russia-Saudi Arabia relationship. Since Khashoggi’s murder, the Russia-Saudi Arabia relationship has improved significantly. During November’s G20 summit, Russian President Vladimir Putin implicitly showed support for Mohammed bin Salman with a much-publicized high-five, and Russia has emphasized the need for world powers to not interfere in Saudi Arabia’s human rights policy. Vladimir Putin’s show of support for Mohammed bin Salman during a crisis period laid the foundation for Russia’s April 10 delivery of flamethrower systems to Saudi Arabia, which highlighted Riyadh’s willingness to purchase heavy weaponry from Moscow.
Although the Saudi military remains reliant on U.S. technology, some U.S. officials fear that Saudi Arabia will retaliate against a withdrawal of support for its war in Yemen by purchasing Russia’s flagship S-400 missile defense system and procuring civilian nuclear energy from Moscow. These purchases would greatly bolster Russia’s status on the Arabian Peninsula and strengthen Moscow’s bid to position itself as a “hedge partner” for Arab countries concerned about U.S. disengagement from the Middle East.
The central role of Saudi Arabia in Trump’s vision for the Middle East and the looming threat of Russia will likely prevent Trump from changing his mind on Yemen in the near term. In order to push back against congressional criticism of his Yemen veto, Trump might draw attention to constructive developments in Saudi Arabia’s policy towards Yemen. This would build on previous public statements, where Trump highlighted Saudi Arabia’s donations of billions of dollars to the alleviation of Yemen’s humanitarian crisis and pledges to invest in Yemen’s reconstruction.
The Trump administration might also emphasize Saudi Arabia’s efforts to weaken the influence of al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula (AQAP), which have historically benefited from U.S. logistical support, and highlight Houthi threats to launch missiles on Riyadh, Abu Dhabi and Dubai. These justifications will likely fail to assuage Congress’s most strident critics of Saudi Arabia but might convince Republicans who are frustrated with Saudi conduct in Yemen to express tepid support for Riyadh’s intervention in Yemen. The plausibility of this scenario suggests that Trump’s veto has given U.S. involvement in Yemen a stay of execution for the foreseeable future.
The writer is a DPhil candidate in International Relations at St. Antony’s College, University of Oxford. He is also a journalist who contributes regularly to The Washington Post and The Diplomat.
Opinions expressed in this article are the author’s own and do not necessarily reflect the editorial policy
Ankara, 27 April 2019 (Anadolu)
Pakistan’s Embassy in Ankara on Saturday hosted a ceremony to confer its highest civilian award on Turkish officials in recognition of their roles in strengthening relations between the two countries.
Former Parliament Speaker Ismail Kahraman was awarded with the ‘Hilal-e-Pakistan’. Also, former Deputy Prime Minister Recep Akdag received the second-highest civilian award ‘Hilal-i-Imtiaz’ .
Speaking at the award ceremony, Pakistan's Ambassador in Ankara Muhammad Syrus Sajjad Qazi thanked the officials for playing an outstanding role in further strengthening historic ties between the brotherly nations.
"Pakistan-Turkey relationship has been nurtured by enormous efforts of our earlier generations and now the responsibility lies with us to further strengthen it and pass this sacred trust to our younger generations," he said.
Akdag during his term as health minister made outstanding contributions towards improving and reviving the health sector of Pakistan, he noted. Akdag said: "It is one of the most pleasant events for me to receive this award given by the Pakistan government."
Also, underlying the importance of friendship between the two countries, Kahraman said in the international arena, Turkey and Pakistan work together.
Incumbent lawmaker Akdag served as a Health Minister for over a decade. He became deputy prime minister in 2017.
Kahraman was cultural minister from 1996 to 1997. He served two terms as the parliament speaker between 2015 and 2018.
Beijing, 26 April 2019 (Xinhua)
Xi Jinping, Chinese President on Friday highlighted building infrastructure of high quality, sustainability, risk resilience, reasonable pricing, inclusiveness and accessibility under the Belt and Road Initiative.
Xi made the statement in a keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the Second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation in Beijing.
Calling infrastructure the cornerstone of connectivity and a bottleneck of development confronting many countries, Xi said building infrastructure with such standards could help countries give full play to their advantages in resources and better integrate into the global supply, industry and value chains for interconnected development.
He said that China will increase imports of goods and services on a larger scale. China will further lower its tariff rates, Xi said in a keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the Second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation in Beijing.
Xi said that China attaches great importance to the establishment of a constraint mechanism for the fulfillment and implementation of international agreements, and the modification and improvement of laws and regulations in accordance with the need of further opening-up.
New York, US. 24 April 2019 (AlJazeera)
Iran will continue to find international buyers for its oil and use the Strait of Hormuz to transport it, the country's foreign minister said, warning that if the United States tries to stop Tehran it should "be prepared for the consequences".
Speaking in New York City on Wednesday, Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif cautioned US President Donald Trump's administration against taking the "crazy measure" of attempting to block Iranian oil sales.
Zarif also said it was in the Islamic Republic's "vital national security interest" to keep the Gulf and Strait of Hormuz open.
The Strait of Hormuz is a major oil shipment channel in the Gulf.
Zarif's comments at an Asia Society event came after Washington on Monday announced it was ending waivers that have allowed some of Iran's largest oil customers to import fuel from the Islamic Republic in limited volumes without facing financial penalties from the US.
The move means buyers must stop purchases by May or face sanctions, the White House said. It is aimed at bringing "Iran's oil exports to zero" to deny Tehran "its principal source of revenue".
The White House said the US, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates were working to "ensure that supplies are made available to replace all Iranian oil removed from the market".
Following the announcement, oil prices hit their highest level since November, on Tuesday.
Beijing, 24 April 2019 (Xinhua)
The second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation is to be held on April 25-27 at Yanqi Lake International Convention & Exhibition Center in Beijing, Xi Jinping, Chinese President will inaugurate the meeting on Apr.26 with a speech, which will be followed by a round table with the world leaders.
Christine Lagarde, International Monetary Fund (IMF) Chief arrives in China's Capital city of Beijing on April 23, 2019, to attend the second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation.
4,100 journalists will be covering the event including 1,600 reporters from outside China who got registered.
Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi told last week that around 37 heads of state or government are expected to attend the second Belt and Road forum to discuss China’s ambitious infrastructure project that aims to connect Asia with Africa and Europe via land and maritime networks.
He said that apart from 37 State and government heads, representatives of up to 150 countries and international organizations, including UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres and International Monetary Fund head Christine Lagarde will be attending the forum. .
Among the presidents or prime ministers likely to attend are from Austria, Chile, Czech Republic, Egypt, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Kenya, Mongolia, Pakistan, Philippines, Portugal, Russia, Serbia, Singapore, Switzerland, Thailand and Vietnam. High-ranking representatives from US, Canada, UK, Germany, France, Australia and Spain are expected to attend.
Wang said the second forum of the initiative seeks to attract high-quality cooperation.
He said there will be a conference specifically for the business community on Apr.25.
The forum with a theme, “Shaping a brighter shared future”, will focus on "boosting connectivity to explore new sources of growth, strengthening policy synergy and building closer partnership, and promoting green and sustainable development to implement the UN 2030 agenda," he said.
Some 126 countries have already joined the initiative that was launched in 2013 by Xi to develop cooperation with countries in central, south and southeast Asia, as well as with East Africa, for the construction of infrastructures to promote development and facilitate trade with China.
Wang stressed that the project now has a stronger foundation and more participants.
H said, ' it is becoming a clean road for cooperation, prosperity, openness, green development and a win-win outcome that will benefit all countries. We need to cease the trend of the times to firmly support multi-lateralism and an open world economy, which is the sure path for the international community to rise up to the current challenges and achieve shared prosperity. Given the rising protectionism and unilateralism, it is all the more important to remain committed to multilateralism,” he added.
The first New Silk Roads Forum was held in May 2017, also in Beijing, with the presence of leaders from 28 states and the participation of representatives from 100 countries.
The initiative comprises of a Silk Road Economic Belt – a trans-continental passage that links China with Southeast Asia, South Asia, Central Asia, Russia and Europe by land – and a 21st century Maritime Silk Road, a sea route connecting China’s coastal regions with Southeast and South Asia, the South Pacific, the Middle East and Eastern Africa, all the way to Europe.
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